Engine cylinder structure



March l, 1955 A. K. ANToNsEN ENGINE CYLINDER STRUCTURE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 8, 1952 w w 8 8 W,

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March l, 1955 A. K. ANToNsEN ENGINE CYLINDER STRUCTURE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 8, 1952 TTY.

United States PatentO "ce ENGINE CYLINDERv STRUCTUREv Anker 1K; Antonsen, -Beloit, fwis., assigner lto .iFairbanka iMorse /& `Co., fCh'icago, lll., a corporation of Illinois Application .July 8, 1952, Serial No. 297,677

1'0 Claims. (Cl. \123-.193,)'

ilhis invention relates to improvements lin cylinder .structures for internal combustion engines, and more @particularly :to `an improved cylinder structure of sec- -to' construct relatively 'light-weight, adequate strength cylinders for engines of the type indicated. The presents-invention is concerned `with' such lighteweight cylinders, and especially 4cylinders -for opposed 4piston lenfgines, wherein-the Iover-all length of the cylinder liner is `appreciable.

iIt is =a yprincipal-objectyof the presentiinvention to provide la llight-weight, relatively thin-walledcyhnder llner for opposedpiston engines, wherein, in yorder to -facilitate its manufacture, the liner is formed or comprised lofwalzplurality of liner sections lsecured together in vend- '1 tto-:end relation, the 'liner constructed .such that ythe ycenter .section provides the combustionchamber of the cylinden while one -end section contains exhaust ports,

:and fthe fother foropposite end section contains ytairf lad mission ports.

Another .principal lobject lofthe invention is `to provide a 'sectional :cylinder liner of the character indicated, adapted for 'assembly support in- 'the engine frame such .-that fthe linernover the major portion of Aits length, is free to undergo expansion and :contraction displacement relative to the :frat-ne.

:Anotherwobject is `to effect improved cooling of #the vvliner, .particularly Ethe center orcombustion :chamber sec- Lttiontthereof, sby constructing nlthe liner 'to have cooling Huid jacket .provisions and including iluid passage 'means :lin'ztheicentralLzone of .theicentersection olf `fthehner.

Other important objects and advantages of lthe Ipres- -ent invention will appear from the following description tof a presently preferred embodiment thereof, -as illusv-trated .inthe accompanying drawings, iwherein:

Fig. 1 illustrates in longitudinal ksectional elevation, Ia @cylinder V:structure embodying .the improvements :of v'the :present invention, .the iview including fragmentary 4[parts tofiheengineframe.insupporting relation 'to the cylinder.

Fig. 2 is a --transverse section of the .cylinder structure #as viewed tfrom line 2 2 in Fig. 21.

"Fig.' iissanother'sectional Yview yin transverse section, las'takensalong line.3-3 `in Fig. yl.

Fig; 4 -isua yiew yin 'longitudinal elevation, of the center section sof the .presently improved liner structure. l

With reference to the (drawings, the presently improved ycylinder structure is shown in Fig. l as including a cyl- `inder .-liner .comprised :of a center section and opposite -end"sections 11 and 12. The :several sections are of lightweight construction, being formed .of a suitable highistrengthalloy steel permitting `relatively thin-wall formartion of the liner sections., .'-yet providing the requisite .strength to `accommodate high-:compression :and working pressures. Forllopposed piston applicati-on, the end sectionxll .of 'the liner .is provided with .a plurality of air admission ports 14 preferably extending ina belt about the :inner end portion 15 of the section, whilethe op- @osito lendssection `12 is .provided ywith 1a 'plurality `=of exhaust-ports "16 .about the inner end .portion 18 and Y:arranged as moreparticularly illustrated'finEig. 3'. -In` assembly of the liner sections,- the dnnerfend margin 19 l 2,703,077 Patented .Man l, .1955

of section-.Ibis internally. 4recessed toiireceive, 4as by a .lap-tit therein, the ladiacenti-end 2010i centerliner section 10. 'The-fliner ends I9y and -20' thus lap-engaged, are .rijgidlysecured together preferably :by welding ori-thy- Adrogen, brazing in well-'known manner. Similarly, the inner end :margin 22 of liner section 12, -is internally recessed for lap-fit reception of the adjacent -end 23 of 'the :center liner section 10. These endsalso are rigidly connected, Yas by welding or brazing.

The center section 10 providing the combustion Achamlber 'zone fof the liner, 4is formed in its central area, Vto provide a relatively thickened `wall portion 24. 1n thefeXterna-l `surface of wall portion 24 are formed ya `first series of channels 26 (Fig. 4) arranged Vabout-the yliner section and directed longitudinally toward the -end -of the sections, and `a Asecond series of channels V27 about the lsection and directed longitudinally toward the opposite :end 23 of the section. The adjacent ends of .the channels lin the two series, are separated by an annular land portion 28. The wall portion 24-further, is thick- :ened internally of the section substantially rin the center regionof wall 24, to provide an internal annular'boss yor projection 30 substantially midway between the ends of the center section 10. Formed in the'projection 30 are `a plurality-of passages 31 each lbeing of figure 8 ifo-rm in sectional v-iew'as shown infFig. 1. 'These passages may be formed by suitable drilling operations, as will vbe appreciated. Each thereof is open -at 32 to one of -thechannels 26 in -the first series, and Jopen as at 34 preferably to a corresponding one ofthe channels '27 in the second series. Surrounding' the V,center Asection 10 -is la cylindrical cooling l`uid fjacket member '35 lproviding an internal cylindrical surface 36 closely yembracing the .thickened portion 24 Aofthe liner, as in overlying relation 'to the channels 26 and 27, and with a Vportion of the jacket member lin surface seating on the land 28 and cooperating therewith to complete separation lof the channels in such zone. Consequently, the `passages 31 afford interconnection of the two series of channels for ilowfofcooling iluid therebetween, and in addition, serve to Aconduct cooling fluid into `efective cooling relation `to the projection 30 in the liner 'combustion zone.

As shown in Fig. 1, the liner section 12 is formed -to provide a cylindrical wall lportion or extension 38yin integral -connection with the 4inner Aend portion 118, vdisposed -in surrounding relation to the adjacent v.portion of t'h'e'center liner section 10 and radially spaced therefrom. The free end 39fof extension 38 'isin fluid-sealed, telescopic engagement with the end 40 4of jacket member '35 such as v'to permit vlimited vrelative longitudinal displacements -of vthese parts, the' seal being eifected in any suitable manner, as by an annular seal ring 42. The opposite -end portion 43 of jacket member 35 embraces the inner end portion 15 of liner section 11, preferably in Y'sleeved relation thereto, and is vconnected to 'the liner sect-ion `as by -one or more 'dowel .pins 44 and .a snapring 46. Moreover, the jacket Aengagement with the liner section 11 is duid-sealed as by the seal ring 47, to prevent uid leakage from the jacket chamber 48. Since the-end 43 -of jacket member 35 overlies the air ports 14,'suc'h end of the jacket member is yformed with port-openings 491each in -direct communication with one of the ports 14 so that scavenging and combustion air may be delivered to and through the latter ports.

"Ihe center liner sect-ion 10 in the zone of its internal projection 30, is provided with one or more openings, as 'for examplethe `four openings 50, 51, *'52, 4and S3, shown in Fig. 2, to accommodate fuel iniection means and other devices. Aligned with these openings are openings 54 in the jacket member 3S. As shown, suitable fuel iniection valve devices 55 are received in openings 50 'and 51, while a starting air control valve 56 is vreceived in opening 52, and a plug 57 in opening ,53. 'The plugged opening 53 `may be utilized `for mounting an .indicator device such as a `pyrometer or the like (not Shown).

The cylinder structure ofthe character now described, is mounted in the engine in a-n improved manner such .as .to allow full freedom `of the 'liner 'to undergo longitudinal expansion and contraction displacements with respect tothe engine frame.

The frame shown only in fragmentary part, includes upper crankcase wall terminating in an upper frame deck plate 61 having central circular opening 62 slidably receiving therein, the anged head end 64 of jacket member 35, the latter carrying a suitable seal ring 65 in engagement with the marginal wall of the deck plate opening 62. An intermediate frame deck plate 66 has a central opening 68 slidably receiving the jacket member 35 in the portion thereof adjacently below the air port openings 49, in fluid-sealed relation therein as through the seal ring 69. A further intermediate frame deck plate 70 has a central opening 72 slidably receiving the lower end portion 40 of jacket member 35, while a lower deck plate 73 provided as a part of lower crankcase wall 74, is formed with a central opening 76 freely receiving therethrough, the lower end portion of liner section 12. Embracing the liner section lZ and a part of its wall extension 38, is a fluid-jacketed exhaust belt member 77 which is supported on the lower deck plate 73, as shown. The liner section 12 is free in the exhaust belt member for longitudinal expansion and contraction displacement therein, there being a suitable degree of clearance provided at 78 between liner shoulder 80 and the shoulder receiving recess 81 in member 77, to accommodate the maximum of such displacements. As shown by Fig. 1 and in section by Fig. 3, the liner exhaust ports 16 open into chambers 82 of the belt member 77 for ultimate discharge of exhaust gases through exhaust manifolds 84 (shown in part).

Externaliy on the liner section 11 inwardly adjacent its outer end, is an annular shoulder 85 against which is received a anged mounting ring 86. The ring is fixed to the liner section on said shoulder, as by the snap-ring 88, and has its ange portion 89 in cylinder liner supporting engagement (through a suitable resilient gasket 90) with a cylinder mounting deck plate 92 carried by the upper crankcase wall 60. Bolts 93 serve to effect firm securement of the ange 89 to plate 92.

Thus it will appear from the foregoing, that the sectionally formed cylinder liner structure is iixedly secured to the engine frame in only one zone of the liner, as at a point near the end of the liner section 11. In an engine having its cylinders vertical, such zone of liner securement to the frame will be at the top, so that the liner will be in suspension therefrom. ln any case, it is to be observed that the liner structure throughout its length from the point of its securement to the frame, to the end of liner section 12, is supported by the several frame deck plates and the exhaust belt member 77 against lateral displacement, with the liner free in these frame parts to undergo longitudinal expansion and contraction displacements. The liner structure capable of such compensating displacements, includes the jacket member 3S and the liner wall extension 38 which together with the liner sections, form a jacketed cylinder liner unit. Moreover, by reason of the relative telescopic engagement of the liner wall extension 38 and the adjacent end of the jacket member 35, and the securement of the member 3S at its opposite end to the liner section 11 near the zone of liner securement to the frame plate 92, the connected liner sections 10 and 12 together With the inner end portion 15 of liner section 11, are free to undergo expansion and contrction displacements relative to the jacket member 3 As illustrated in Fig. 1, cooling uid such as water, is delivered to the jacket space of the exhaust belt member 77 through one or more delivery conduits 101. The fluid circulates in the space 100 and thence passes by way of a suitable connection not shown), to the liner jacket space 102. From there it flows through channels 27, into and through passages 31 in liner projection 30, to the channels Z6 and thence into jacket space 48. Discharge from the latter space may be by way of discharge conduit 104.

It is clear from the sectional View of Fig. 1, that the sectional cylinder structure including the jacket member 35, may be readily bodily displaced as a unit, into assembly position in the frame through the relatively largediameter central opening in the mounting plate 92.

Conversely, the cylinder unit may be equally readily re-` moved through the same opening 105.

Having now described and illustrated a presently-preferred embodiment of the invention, what is claimed is:

l. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine, comprising an engine frame, a cylinder liner comprised of separate liner sections in integrally joined end connection one to another, supported by the frame against lateral displacement, and securement means between the engine frame and the outer end portion of a liner section at one end of the liner, for retaining the liner in the frame, said liner in the major longitudinal extent thereof from said securement means, being free in the frame for longitudinal expansion and contraction displacements.

2. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine, comprising an engine frame, a cylinder liner comprised 0f at least three separate, relatively thin-wall liner sections in integrally joined end connection one to another, said liner being supported by the frame against lateral displacement, and mounting means between the engine frame and one end section of the liner near the outer end of the latter, for retaining the liner in the frame, the remainder of the liner being free in the frame for longitudinal expansion and contraction displacement.

3. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine, comprising an engine frame, a cylinder liner comprised of separate center and end liner sections in end connection one to another, a jacket member sleeved on the liner, said liner and member being supported by the frame against lateral displacement, mounting means between the engine frame and one end liner section near the outer end of the latter, for retaining the liner in the frame, and means securing said jacket member solely at one end thereof to said liner, the liner over the length thereof from said mounting means, being free relative to the frame, for longitudinal expansion and contraction displacements.

4. A cylinder structure as defined by claim 3, wherein the said jacket member securing means is provided between the said one end of the jacket member and the said one end liner section, such that the liner over the major length thereof from the said securing means is free in respect to the said jacket member, for lengthwise expansion and contraction displacements relative to the member.

5. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder liner constituted by separate, relatively thin-wall liner sections in integrally joined end connection one to another, an end section having a wall extension in relatively spaced, surrounding relation to a portion of the adjacent liner section, said adjacent liner section having external channels arranged about the central portion of the section, and a cooling uid jacket member about said adjacent liner section and the channels thereof, extending in Huid-sealed, lapped relation to the free end of said wall extension.

6. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder liner constituted by separate, relatively thin-wall liner sections in integrally joined end connection one to another, an end section having a wall extension in relatively spaced, surrounding relation to a portion of the adjacent liner section, said adjacent liner section providing an internal annular projection intermediate its ends and having external channels arranged about the central portion of the section, said projection having passage means therein opening to said channels, and a cooling uid jacket member sleeved on the liner with a portion thereof about said adjacent liner section in closely overlying relation to said channels, said jacket member having one end in fluid-sealed, lapped relation to the free end of said wall extension.

7. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine of opposed piston type, comprising a cylinder liner constituted by separate, relatively thin-wall liner sections in integrally joined end connection one to another, one end section having exhaust ports and providing a Wall extension in relatively spaced, surrounding relation to a vportion of the adjacent center section, the opposite end liner section having air admission ports, said center section of the liner providing external channels arranged about the central portion thereof, and a cooling uid jacket member sleeved on the liner and secured solely at one end thereof to said opposite end liner section, the jacket member overlying the central liner section and the channels thereof, and having its opposite end in fluidsealed, lapped relation to the free end of said wall extension.

8. A cylinder structure as dened by claim 7, wherein the said center section of the liner is characterized further, by an internal annular projection centrally in the section, and passage means in the projection and opening to the said external channels.

9. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine of opposed piston type, comprising a cylinder liner constituted by separate center and end liner sections in integrally joined end connection one to another, one end section having exhaust ports and the other end section having air admission ports; said center section being formed in its central region, to provide an annular, internally projecting portion, a first series of channels externally of the section about its central region and extending toward one end of the section, a second series of channels externally of the section about its central region and extending toward the other end of the section, a land portion externally about the center section and separating the first and second series of channels, and passage means in said internally projecting portion, interconnecting the channels of the rst and second series; and a cooling uid jacket member about the center liner section and the channels thereof, and extending to Huid-sealed engagement With said end liner sections.

l0. A cylinder structure for an internal combustion engine of opposed piston type, comprising an engine frame, a sectional relatively thin-walled liner assembly comprised of a central liner section, end liner sections one at each end of the central liner section and integrally joined to References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,486,583 Huskisson Mar. 11, 1924 1,529,719 Romeyn Mar. 17, 1925 1,836,798 I-Iefti Dec. 15, 1931 2,446,841 Lieberherr Aug. 10, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS 73,897 Austria Oct. 10, 1917 566,917 Great Britain Ian. 19, 1945 582,569 Great Britain Apr. 20, 1946 

